FYP2 WEEK 8

Title: Testing Android application (S2 Bluetooth Terminal)

-      - To test the Android application of S2 Bluetooth Terminal whether it is compatible with the Bluetooth Module.

Interface between Bluetooth Terminal and Bluetooth Module

PROCEDURE

This process assumes the application of ‘S2 Bluetooth Terminal’ has been installed on smartphone and the type of Bluetooth module used is ‘HC-05’. Below is the procedure for communicating virtual communication between ‘S2 Bluetooth Terminal’ and ‘HC-05’ Bluetooth module.

Bluetooth settings

This is the first screen we will see when we want to let the virtual communication begins. Since ‘S2 Bluetooth Terminal’ is all about connecting phone to the Bluetooth module, the very first step to do is to search for Bluetooth device that we want to talk to. Sometimes we would find more than one device because of other Bluetooth devices around us. We need to find out which one is our device which has been set to the Bluetooth module. If our device does not appear on the phone screen, we should check if Bluetooth module is powered and discover able.

Bluetooth pairing request

            After found the device that we want to connect, tap on the ‘HC-05’ device and the Bluetooth pairing dialog will pop up. This is the part where we enter Bluetooth module’s PIN to begin pairing. The PIN act as a password and the PIN set will be ‘1234’. Some modules will have ‘0000’ but it is less common. Type it in and hit “OK”. If the PIN is right, pairing is done.

S2 Bluetooth Terminal’ application

        After pairing request is successful at the Bluetooth settings, we need to open up the ‘S2 Bluetooth Terminal’ application to make a connection with Bluetooth module. This application is terminal software for communication with the Bluetooth device by using SPP (Serial Port Profile) and equivalently liked to a serial port line connection including transmitter and receiver signal. Once again we need to select ‘HC-05’ device to make a connection. Then, the ‘connected to HC-05’ will pop op on the screen indicated that the connection between application and HC-05 Bluetooth module is successful. 

Successfully connected device

            As shown Figure 4.3 above, if we managed to add our Bluetooth device to application of ‘S2 Bluetooth Terminal’ we will see one new device, namely the device we added at the top of the phone screen. This time it should connect successfully indicated by a dialog of “connected: HC-05”. If not, repeat the pairing process.

Result and Analysis

            First of all, power on the Bluetooth. Then, at the Bluetooth settings, search for a device of HC-05 and begin the pairing with this device. The Bluetooth module will ask for password. Enter the correct password and it should start pairing. Later, take the smartphone and open up the Android application to let the virtual communication begin between the Bluetooth module and the smartphone. Hit the connect button shown at the Android application it should start connecting. If connection could be established the red LED on the Bluetooth module will double flicker per second and the green LED will continually light up.

FYP2 WEEK7

Title: Burn the program into PIC using Microcontroller Programmer

-For this week also i have reconstruct new circuit for voltage regulator to getting voltage that suitable for my pic circuit and output circuit and the design has show in figure 

below: 

FYP2 WEEK 6 (2)

Title: Simulate the program using Proteus software (Testing PIC circuit)

FYP2 WEEK 6

Title :Do selection of the program

Design the program using PICC compiler software

-Do selection for the program is important because the program is the main process for the project. For this project, PICC compiler was selected because the program is simple and easy to understand.

 Steps to write down the program:

• -       Open PICC compiler shortcut
• -       Open new file
• -       Save as new file. The new file that we save (example : ZAHIR) will have extension c (example : ZAHIR.c)
• -       Write down the program

After write down the program, windows will be like below:

FYP2 WEEK 5

Title : Bluetooth Module circuit

ANALYSIS

-Bluetooth Module is no need to be soldered on its pin as compare to the other circuits that I have done in previous week since it is just “Plug & Play”.

-The Bluetooth module works on 3.3V level only. High voltage like 5V will permanently damage the module.Therefore, if application requires to be operated at 5V then use a LM1117-3.3 regulator to convert the 5V level to 3.3V level as required by module. By considering this factor, I have to add the LM1117T circuit since the supply voltage from the PIC is 5V. From here, LM 1117T will do its task by reducing the voltage from 5V to 3.3V as required by HC-05 Bluetooth. The diagram as shown below.

Full view of Bluetooth module circuit

FYP2 WEEK 4 (3)

Title :Apply the components on copper board and do the soldering process

-To solder the components on the board according to the PCB design for each circuit.

-To make a connection for all component on the copper board.

                          

  Soldering components on PIC circuit      Soldering components on Relay circuit

                 

      Top view: PIC circuit                                   Bottom view: PIC circuit

                           

     Top view: Relay circuit                         Bottom view: Relay circuit

Troubleshooting the circuit

-After soldering the entire component on the copper board. The circuit must be troubleshoot to check whether the components are connected properly according to the PCB layout.

FYP2 WEEK 4 (2)

Title :Make a drilling process after etching the circuit design

-Holes through a PCB are typically drilled with small-diameter drill bits made of solid coated tungsten carbide. Coated tungsten carbide is recommended since many board materials are very abrasive and drilling must be high RPM and high feed to be cost effective. Drill bits must also remain sharp so as not to mar or tear the traces. Drilling with high-speed-steel is simply not feasible since the drill bits will dull quickly and thus tear the copper and ruin the boards.

-In this project, I am using the Pro’s Kit super mini drill 12V to make the drilling process

Next, drill the holes using a driller.

This is the result after the board had been rubbed by sandpaper to remove the remaining copper that not been covered by carbon ink. Lastly, this circuit is ready to be constructed with the components.

FYP2 WEEK 4(1)

Title :Etching process on the copper board according to the PCB layout

Layout design using Dip-Trace software

-This is the result of PCB Layout design using Dip-Trace software. Design is ready to be printed using Toner Printer (carbon ink). The next step is to attach PCB layout on the copper board.

-Clothes iron will be used to iron the PCB design to attach on the surface of copper board.

-After attaching the PCB design on to the copper board. It will be placed into the etching acid. This process takes about 20 minutes to remove the remaining copper that is not needed.

-The simplest method, used for small-scale production and often by hobbyists, is immersion etching, in which the board is submerged in etching solution such as ferric chloride. Compared with methods used for mass production, the etching time is long. Heat and agitation can be applied to the bath to speed the etching rate. In bubble etching, air is passed through the enchant bath to agitate the solution and speed up etching.

- Chemical etching is usually done with ammonium persulfate or ferric chloride. For my project, Ferric Chloride Anhydrous powder is used for etching process.

-The results of the etching process. Copper is not needed will be eroded,only copper that covered by carbon ink will remain on the board and form a circuit.

FYP2 WEEK 3 (2)

Title : Briefing

- Briefing conducted in TTL 2 at 3 pm

- The briefing is about to give some explanation for the students who are taking the final project for Diploma and Degree programmes. The briefing is about:

·         Introduction

·         Objectives

·         Credits and duration

·         Scope of projects

·         Title selection

·         Project Assessment

·         Presentation day

·         Submission date of project

FYP2 WEEK 3 (1)

Title :Testing circuits and design the PCB Layout

- Testing each circuit on breadboard to make sure the circuit is functioning well.

- After each circuit has been tested, Dip-Trace Software is used in this project for designing the PCB Layout

PIC 16F877A

Relay 12 Volts

FYP2 WEEK 2 (2)

Title :Find the right component and tools for the project

-Buy the component at NIXIE ELECTRONICS SHOP inJalanPasar by referring to each of schematics circuit.

- Buy some tools that are used to make the project like soldering iron, drill, copper board and sand paper.

List of components needed for Relay Circuit

• ·         Relay 12 Volt
• ·         Transistor NPN 2222
• ·         Resistor 1kΩ (x2 unit)
• ·         Diode

List of components needed for PIC circuit

• ·         40-Pin IC socket
• ·         PIC 16F877A
• ·         Resistor 1kΩ (x2 unit)
• ·         Oscillator 20 MHz (crystal)
• ·         Capacitor 18pf (x2 unit)
• ·         LED
• ·         Capacitor 0.1µf (x2 unit)
• ·         LM 7805 (voltage regulator)

List of components needed for Bluetooth circuit

• ·         Bluetooth Module (HC-05)
• ·         LM1117T (voltage regulator)
• ·         Capacitor 100nf (x2 unit)
•       Other components and tools
• ·         Pin header
• ·         Pin header connector
• ·         Adaptor 12V (x2 unit)
• ·         Solenoid 12V
• ·         Jumper wire

FYP2 WEEK 2 (1)

Title :Research and findings (LM 1117T – Voltage Regulator)

ANALYSIS

Schematic diagram that will be used in the project

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FYP2 WEEK1 (2)

Title : Research and findings(relay DPDT-Double Pole Double Throw)

- Buy the components of relay DPDT and relay base socket in JalanPasar.

-Most relays are designed for PCB mounting but we can solder wires directly to the pins provided. For this situation, we must be careful to avoid melting the plastic case of the relay.

DPDT

- Double Pole Double Throw. These have two rows of change-over terminals. Equivalent to two SPDT switches or relays actuated by a single coil. In total, eight terminals when the coil is also included.

FYP2 WEEK 1 (1)

Title :Research about the relay DPDT (Double Pole Double Throw)

ANALYSIS

- For this project, relay DPDT will be used as a backup if there is any power failure.

- Power failure means there is no power supply. There is an alternative way that I can use by using battery of 12 volt. Therefore, this project will be added one more relay of DPDT as a function to replace power supply.

Terminal Pins

A Double Pole Double Throw Relay comes with 8 terminal points.

The terminals are COIL, COIL, COM, COM, NO, NO, NC, NC.

Terminal Descriptions

COIL- This the is the COIL terminal. These are the terminals where you apply voltage to in order to give power to the coils (which then will close the switch). Polarity does not matter. One side gets positive voltage and the other side gets negative voltage. It doesn't matter which order. Polarity only matters if a diode is used.

NO- This is Normally Open switch. This is the terminal where you connect the device that you want the relay to power, when the relay is powered, meaning when the COIL receives sufficient voltage. The device connected to NO will be off when the relay has no power and will turn on when the relay receives power.

NC- This is the Normally Closed Switch. This is the terminal where you connect the device that you want powered when the relay receives no power. The device connected to NC will be on when the relay has no power and will turn off when the relay receives power.

COM- This is the common of the relay. If the relay is powered and the switch is closed, COM and NO have continuity. If the relay isn't powered and the switch is open, COM and NC have continuity. This is the terminal of the relay where you connect the first part of your circuit to.